japonica javanica and indica

Metabolic variation between japonica and indica rice cultivars as revealed by non-targeted metabolomics. Stickiness is close to Indica … 1. japonicaand 19javanica) of rice originating in Asia and the other countries, including Brazil (4), China (25), India (10), Indonesia (3), Japan (8), Korea (2), Laos (3), Myanmar (3), Nepal (4), Pakistan (1), the Philippines (1), Russia (1), Taiwan (3), Thailand (1) and the USA (6). 1995; Bhattacharjee et al. Producing districts are the parts in the tropical area in Jawa or Asia, Central and South America, etc. The brown rice lipids were analyzed from three japonica and two indica rices. Analysis of cold stress responses by japonica and indica rice cultivars. 63 JARQ 54 (1), 63-91 (2020) https://www.jircas.go.jp Global Rice Market Projections Distinguishing Japonica and Indica Rice Introduction Rice production and consumption have gradually increased over the years, reaching a trade Here, we provide a comprehensive characterization of transcriptome divergence and cis-regulatory variation within rice … However, the differences between these subspecies at the transcriptome level remains largely unexamined. Indica is mainly called lowland rice and grows throughout tropical Asia. Among the 39 derived lines from indica-japonica hybridization, one was Japonica type, eleven japonicaclinous type, twenty indicaclinous type and seven indica type. Cadmium levels were determined in rice grains of Japonica, Indica, Javanica, and Indica-Japonica hybrid-bred varieties that were produced in the same plot of a non-polluted field in 1983 and 1985, using flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. indica and japonica subpopulations, many associated loci were unique to one subpopulation. Generally, the evolutionary studies of Asian rice are mainly focused on two species, indica and japonica. (deep water condition). As suggested by Morinaga (1969), there are in South 2011). In recent years, indica/japonica hybrid rice has been widely grown in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River of China. The protein bodies in japonica rice were concentrated near the cell wall, whereas those in indica rice were scattered around amyloplasts. Its morphology and distribution on the Indian subcontinent led to an initial association with indica (Glaszmann 1986), but aromatic has distinctive features (phenol reaction, opaque kernel appearance, intermediate amylose content and medium gel consistency) that prompted suggestions that it might be intermediate between indica and japonica (Ahuja et al. Background Cultivated rice consists of two subspecies, Indica and Japonica, that exhibit well-characterized differences at the morphological and genetic levels. The results showed that the grain yield and internal 9. They had substantially no difference in the ratio of NL, GL, and PL, the C16/C18 (16:0/the sum of … These cultivars produce significantly improved yields … Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2003, 29(3): 364-371. Javanica rice is a rare type which has little quantity of production. Japonica varieties showed higher increasing rate with increasing supply of nitrogen in soluble and fraction 1 protein contents, photosynthetic activity and ratio of photosynthesis to respiration than indica varieties, resulting in higher efficiency of dry matter production in the former than in the latter. Moreover, the For example, imprinted rice husks in Phrathatyaku exhibited three types of rice grains (Figure 1). Signatures of differential selection in chloroplast genome between japonica and indica. These include 42 Tongil-type ( indica/japonica) and 123 japonica cultivars. By contrast, japonica rice is intensively cultivated and consumed in temperate re- gions, such as Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan, and forms approximately 20% ofthe global riceproduction. Establishment of an efficient somatic embryogenesis and regeneration protocol in japonica and indica subspeciesMature seeds of japonica and indica rice sub-species showed proembryogenic callus induction on N6 medium supplemented with 3 mg l −1 2,4-D. 2,4-D. They are the two major subspecies of cultivated rice in the world ( Sun et al., 2002 ; Zhu et al., 2003 ) and exhibit major differences in morphological and physiological traits. Varieties within each set were intermated in all possible nonreciprocal pairs resulting in 36 crosses in the indica set and 55 in the japonica set. The origins of aromatic rice have been uncertain. As an important step toward free access and, thus, impact of GoldenRice, a freedom-to-operate situation has been achieved for developing countries for the technology involved. A previous study revealed the 6mA methylome in the two main rice cultivars japonica Nipponbare (Nip) and indica 93‐11, which have been at single‐nucleotide resolution using single‐molecule real‐time (SMRT) sequencing (Zhang , In 1975, using the “indica-japonica bridging technique”, LAAS introduced restorer genes from indica to japonica by backcross of IR8 / Keqing 3 // Keqing 3. They were cultivated and harvested in … responding to japonica-like rice, tropical japonica and indica, respectively. As a result, the japonica restorer line C57 with strong combining ability was developed, and the first hybrid japonica rice variety, Liyou 57, was successfully bred and was widely cultivated in China. Oryza sativa contains two major subspecies: the sticky, short-grained japonica or sinica variety, and the nonsticky, long-grained indica rice [] variety. By contrast, Indica and NERICA varieties indi-cated thinner kernels). Japonica group cultivar Nipponbare (Nip) and Indica group cultivar 93-11 are the two main cultivated varieties and parental lines used for breeding in Asia, because Nip has excellent eating and cooking quality and 93-11 has superior appearance and high yield. Previous studies have revealed that the japonica/indica hybrid rice has a higher yield potential, biomass production, and nitrogen (N) accumulation than japonica rice in China, however, at a single N application rate. Twelve-day-old seedlings were grown in normal culture solution, then initially salinized at an electrical conductivity (EC) of 6 dS/m for 4 days, and finally salinized at an EC of 12 dS/m for the next 14 days. Oryza sativa – what we know as the rice plant – can be divided into two major subspecies, japonica and indica. In order to identify the degree of salinity tolerance of the indica and japonica rice groups, 10 varieties were tested under saline and non-saline conditions. Indica rice is adapted to and mostly grown in tropical regions and constitutes most of the global rice production. Xiao G Y, Yuan L P, Deng X X, Tang L, Luo R L. Studies on the heterosis of indica/javanica and japonica javanica hybrids rice: Ⅱ Analysis of the heterosis of agronomic traits. Besides various developmental and physiological traits, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is also different between indica and japonica, generally with indica … 2002). Japonica: 14 2 96 18 33 97 Indica: 14 0.3 87 18 5 93 Mean of each 10 varieties of japonica and indica. It remains unclear whether it also occurs at a higher or … japonica rice typically occurs in temperate East Asia, highlands in Southeast Asia and high altitudes in South Asia (Xiong et al. Comparison of contents for cytosolic-glutamine synthetase and NADH-dependent glutamate synthase proteins in leaves of japonica, indica, and javanica rice plants Yamaya Tomoyuki , Obara Mitsuhiro , Hayakawa Toshihiko , Sato Tadashi Soil science and plant nutrition 43(Special Issue), 1107-1112, 1997-12 Indica varieties. (A) Phenotypes associated with cold-stress response by ‘DJ’ and ‘IR64’ rice seedlings observed during treatment for 4 days followed by 5 days of recovery. After being kept in a dark thermostatic incubator at … Japonica rice and indica rice are two climate ecotype cultivars adapted to different environmental factors (such as temperature). Seed metabolites are critically important both for plant development and human nutrition; however, the natural variation in their levels remains poorly characterized. Indica rice and japonica rice are two subspecies with different genotypic background that evolved from different temperature environment. ジャバニカ米（ジャバニカまい、 javanica ）は、イネの品種群の1つ。 ジャヴァニカやジャワニカとも。ジャポニカ米やインディカ米と同等の亜種として扱われることもあるが、現在はジャポニカ米の1グループ（熱帯ジャポニカ）として扱うことが多い。 Later studies of genetic diversity revealed that aromatic is closer … This study was carried out to evaluate the nuclear DNA diversity of 165 Korean bred rice cultivars and to identify markers for subspecies differentiation using simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) markers. (in The japonica proportion index in indica restorer lines Minghui63 and 9308 were 12.50% and 33.33%, respectively, while that in japonica restorer line C418 was only 31.25%. The F1s and their parents, 111 entries in … An increase in crystallinity has been reported to be related to better organisation of the amylopectin chains and therefore may contribute to an increase in cooking time ( Sasaki et al., 2009 ). Japonica varieties indicated the thickest kernels and showed the biggest differences in thickness (0.10 mm each) between thickness fractions. FIGURE 1. Japonica rice showed longer cooking time than indica rice, which can be confirmed by the higher ΔH (7.27 J g −1 for japonica compared to 6.05 J g −1 for indica flours). Two SDS-PAGE protein bands specific to subspecies indica and japonica of rice Su-Ming ZHANG, Chang BAI and Liang-Shi LIU Biotechnology Research Center, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou, 510275 China Varieties of Oryza sativa L. are divided into subspecies indica and japonica on the basis of certain morphological and physiological characters. The indica–japonica hybrid rice variety Yongyou 2640 (Y‐2640) and the japonica inbred rice variety Lianjing 7 (L‐7) were grown in a paddy field at N rates of 0 and 200 kg N ha −1. The starch granules were compact in japonica rice, while the compound starch granules of indica rice were much smaller than those of japonica rice and were scattered widely in the endosperm. 2019 Aug 14;12(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s12284-019-0322-x. For example, Ghd7 and DST were specifically associated with panicle length (PL) in indica and japonica rice, respectively. Rice (N Y).

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